Ngemva koMkhosi Wasentwasahlobo, intengo ikhuphuka ngokushesha.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izigayo zensimbi noma imakethe, kuvame ukukhuphuka amanani amabili noma amathathu ngosuku, futhi usuku olulodwa oluphakeme kakhulu lungakhuphuka ngamayuan angaphezu kuka-500 kwezinye izindawo.

Ukwenyuka ngokushesha kwamanani ensimbi kudonse ukunaka okukhulu.Izintengo zensimbi zikhuphuke ngamalini?Siyini isizathu sokukhuphuka kwamanani ensimbi?Ukukhuphuka kwayo kuzoba namuphi umthelela ezimbonini ezihlobene nalokhu?Iyini inkambiso yesikhathi esizayo yamanani ensimbi?Sibhekene nochungechunge lwezinkinga, ake siye emakethe siyobona ukuthi intengo yensimbi inyuke kangakanani.

Ngemva koMkhosi Wasentwasahlobo, ukwenyuka kwentengo kushesha kakhulu ngempela.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izigayo zensimbi noma imakethe, kuvame ukukhuphuka amanani amabili noma amathathu ngosuku, ngisho nakahlanu noma kasithupha ngosuku.Ngaphezu kwama-dollar angu-500.Intengo yokugcina ephezulu yayingo-2008, futhi kulo nyaka iphule okokugcina isikhathi eside.Isilinganiso senani ngethani lezinhlobo ezinkulu eziyisishiyagalombili zensimbi emakethe yensimbi kazwelonke sesikhuphukile, cishe ama-yuan angama-400 ngaphezu kwephuzu eliphakeme kakhulu ngo-2008, kanye namayuan ayi-2,800 ngethani ngalinye uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka. ngo-75%.Mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo, i-rebar ikhuphuke ngo-1980 yuan ngethani.I-Yuan, ikhoyili egoqwe ngokushisayo ikhuphuke ngo-2,050 yuan ngethani.Kanye nentengo yensimbi yasekhaya, intengo yensimbi yamazwe ngamazwe nayo yakhuphuka, futhi ukunyuka kwakuphakeme kakhulu kunentengo yensimbi yasekhaya.Wang Guoqing, uMqondisi weSikhungo Sokucwaninga saseLange Steel Consulting Co., Ltd., intengo yamazwe ngamazwe iphakeme kunentengo yasekhaya, okuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwangaphakathi ngisho nokwenyuka kwamanani asekhaya.

Ngokusho kwedatha enikezwe yi-China Iron and Steel Association, kuze kube manje, inkomba yentengo yensimbi yaseChina ikhuphuke ngo-23.95% uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqala konyaka, kanti inkomba yentengo yensimbi yamazwe ngamazwe ikhuphuke ngo-57.8% ngesikhathi esifanayo.Intengo yensimbi emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yemakethe yasekhaya.Ngekota yokuqala, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke kukhuphuke ngo-10% unyaka nonyaka.Siyini isizathu sokwenyuka kwamanani ensimbi ngale ndlela?Eshabhu yokukhiqiza ye-Hebei Jinan Iron ne-Steel's medium and heavy plate, iqoqo lamapuleti amasha ladlula emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngokulandelana ngemva kwenqubo yokugcina.Ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yabo kuye kwaba ngcono kulo nyaka.Imikhiqizo yamapuleti amaphakathi (aminyene) isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni imikhumbi, ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho, ukukhiqiza imishini nezinye izimboni.Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngokuthuthuka kwesimo semakethe, ukuthengiswa komkhiqizo kudlondlobala.Ngaphezu kokwanelisa ukuthengiswa kwemakethe yasekhaya, iphinde ithunyelwe emazweni aseMpumalanga Ephakathi noma emazweni aseNingizimu Melika.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, umnotho wezwe lami uqhubekile nokusimama kancane kancane, futhi isidingo sensimbi sikhule kakhulu, lapho imboni yezokwakha inyuke ngama-49% kanti imboni yezokukhiqiza inyuke ngama-44%.Emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, i-PMI yokukhiqiza yomhlaba iqhubekile nokuba ngcono.Ngo-Ephreli, i-PMI yafinyelela ku-57.1%, eyayingaphezu kuka-50% izinyanga ezingu-12 zilandelana.Kubandakanya amazwe asekhaya kanye namazwe angaphandle, ikakhulukazi ukusimama komnotho womhlaba, i-China kanye ne-United States, okuyi-40% ye-GDP yomhlaba wonke, anemininingwane emihle yokuthuthukiswa komnotho kwikota yokuqala.I-China inyuke ngo-18.3% unyaka nonyaka, kanti i-United States inyuke ngo-6.4% unyaka nonyaka.Ukuthuthukiswa komnotho okusheshayo nakanjani kuzoshayela phansi.Ukukhula kwesidingo kubangela ukukhula kwemakethe.Ukusimama komnotho womhlaba kuqhubezele ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kwensimbi emhlabeni.Ngekota yokuqala yalo nyaka, izinga lokukhula kokukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke lishintshile lisuka ekubeni libi laya kwaba lihle, futhi amazwe angama-46 azuze ukukhula okuhle, uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe ayi-14 kuphela ngonyaka odlule.Izibalo zeNhlangano Yezinsimbi Zomhlaba zikhombisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kukhuphuke ngo-10% unyaka nonyaka.

I-Quantitative Easing Policy Sekukonke ukwenyuka kwamanani ezimpahla Uma sikhuluma ngokukhuphuka kwamanani ensimbi, kunesizathu esikhethekile esihlobene nalolu bhubhane.Ngo-2020, ekuphenduleni lolu bhubhane, amazwe ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele ethule izinqubomgomo ezifanele zokukhuthaza ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.Ngenxa yokukhishwa ngokweqile kwezimali endaweni yedola laseMelika kanye nendawo ye-euro, ukwehla kwamandla emali kuye kwadlondlobala futhi kwasakazwa futhi kwasakazwa emhlabeni, okubangele ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kwensimbi, okuhlanganisa nensimbi.Izintengo zezimpahla zenyuka ngobuningi.Njengemboni ebaluleke kakhulu eyisisekelo yensimbi, noma yiluphi ushintsho kuyo luwumphumela wokudonsa komnotho omkhulu.Ukwehla kwamandla emali okulethwa yimali exegayo kanye nezimali ezixegayo emhlabeni kubangele ukuthi intengo yazo zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa ikhuphuke.I-United States yethule inqubomgomo yezimali exegayo kakhulu kusukela ngoMashi 2020, enenani eliphelele lama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisi-5 wezinhlelo zokuhlenga ezifakwe emakethe, kanti i-European Central Bank nayo yamemezela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli ukuthi izogcina i-ultra-. inqubomgomo yezimali exegayo ukuze isekele ukusimama komnotho.Ngenxa yengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali, amazwe asafufusa nawo aqala ukunyusa izinga lenzalo kancane kancane.Ethintwe yilokhu, kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka wezi-2022, amanani omhlaba wonke ezinto zokukhiqiza ezifana nokusanhlamvu, uwoyela ongahluziwe, igolide, insimbi, ithusi, ne-aluminium akhuphuke kakhulu.Uma sithatha insimbi njengesibonelo, inani lentengo lensimbi elangenisiwe likhuphuke lisuka ku-US$86.83/ton ngonyaka odlule laya ku-US$230.59/ton, nokunyuke ngo-165.6%.Ngaphansi kwethonya lentengo ye-iron ore, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zensimbi, okuhlanganisa amalahle e-coking, i-coke ne-scrap steel, konke kwaphakama, okuqhubekisela phambili izindleko zokukhiqiza insimbi.