I-1, i-alloy ephansi enamandla aphezulu ensimbi yesakhiwo

Isetshenziswa ezakhiweni, amabhuloho, imikhumbi, izimoto, imikhumbi yokucindezela nezinye izakhiwo, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni (ukuhlaziywa kokuncibilika) ngokuvamile akubi ngaphezu kuka-0.20%, okuqukethwe kwe-alloying element ngokuvamile akukho ngaphezu kuka-2.5%, amandla okukhiqiza awekho ngaphansi. kune-295MPa, inomthelela omuhle wokuqina kanye nezakhiwo zokushisela zensimbi ye-alloy ephansi.

2, insimbi yesakhiwo se-carbon

Insimbi ye-Carbon esetshenziswa ezakhiweni, amabhuloho, imikhumbi, izimoto nezinye izakhiwo, okumele zibe namandla athile, izakhiwo zomthelela kanye nezakhiwo zokushisela uma kunesidingo.

3. Insimbi yokwakha isakhiwo

Insimbi esetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezinde nezakhiwo ezibalulekile.Kudingeka ukuthi kube nokuqina komthelela okuphezulu, amandla anele, ukusebenza kahle kokushisela, isilinganiso esithile samandla aguquguqukayo, nokusebenza kwesiqondiso sokujiya lapho kudingeka.

4. Insimbi Yamabhuloho

Insimbi esetshenziswa ekwakheni ujantshi wesitimela nothelawayeka wamabhuloho.Kudingeka ukuthi ube namandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okwanele, ukuzwela kwezinga eliphansi, ukuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuzwela ukuguga, ukumelana nokukhathala nokusebenza kokushisela.Insimbi eyinhloko i-Q345q, i-Q370q, i-Q420q nezinye i-alloy ephansi yensimbi yamandla aphezulu.

5. Hull steel

Ukushisela okuhle nezinye izakhiwo, ezifanele ukulungisa isakhiwo esikhulu somkhumbi nomkhumbi wensimbi.Insimbi yomkhumbi iyadingeka ukuze ibe namandla aphakeme, ukuqina okungcono, ukumelana nokungqongqoza kanye nokumelana nokuwa kwamanzi ajulile.

6. Insimbi yemikhumbi yokucindezela

Insimbi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni imikhumbi yokucindezela ye-petrochemical, ukuhlukaniswa kwegesi kanye nokugcinwa kwegesi kanye nemishini yokuhamba.Kudingeka ukuthi ube namandla anele kanye nokuqina, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding kanye nekhono lokucubungula elibandayo nelishisayo.Insimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu ikakhulukazi ingxubevange ephansi high amandla steel kanye carbon steel.

7, izinga lokushisa eliphansi insimbi

Ukuze kwenziwe imishini yokucindezela kanye nezakhiwo ezisetshenziswa ngaphansi kuka-20 ℃, izinsimbi ezinokushisa okuphansi kokuqina kokuqina kanye nezakhiwo zokushisela ziyadingeka.Ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa elihlukile, insimbi eyinhloko iyinsimbi ephansi ye-alloy high, insimbi ye-nickel ne-austenitic stainless steel.

8, insimbi ye-boiler

Insimbi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-superheater, ipayipi lesitimu esikhulu, ipayipi lamanzi odongeni kanye nesigubhu se-boiler.Kudingeka ukuthi ube nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini ekamelweni lokushisa kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, i-oxidation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-alkali, amandla anele ahlala isikhathi eside kanye ne-plasticity ehlala njalo yokuphuka.Insimbi eyinhloko insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa (insimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum), insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwe-austenitic (insimbi ye-chromium-nickel), insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu yekhabhoni (insimbi engu-20) kanye nensimbi eqinile ye-alloy ephansi.

9. Insimbi yamapayipi

Insimbi kawoyela negesi yemvelo yokuhlukanisa umugqa wepayipi lomzuzu omude.Kuyinsimbi ephansi ye-alloy enamandla amakhulu enamandla amakhulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukusebenziseka okuhle kakhulu, ukushisela kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

I-10, amandla ensimbi aphezulu kakhulu akhiqiza amandla namandla aqinile angaphezu kuka-1200MPa no-1400MPa ngokulandelanayo.Izici zayo eziyinhloko zingamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ukuqina okwanele, kungakwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okukhulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo kunamandla amaningi athile, ukuze isakhiwo ngangokunokwenzeka sinciphise isisindo.

11. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi evamile ye-carbon structural, insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwesulfure, i-phosphorus kanye ne-non-metallic inclusions.Ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, ihlukaniswe ngensimbi ye-carbon ephansi, insimbi ye-carbon steel kanye ne-carbon steel ephezulu, njll., ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zemishini neziphethu.

12. Ingxubevange yensimbi yesakhiwo

Ngesisekelo sensimbi ye-carbon structural enezici ezifanele ze-alloying, isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza insimbi yezingxenye zemishini ezinobukhulu besigaba esikhulu.Inokuqina okufanelekile, amandla aphakeme, ukuqina namandla okukhathala kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuguquka elibuhlungu ngemva kokwelashwa okuhambisanayo kokushisa.Lolu hlobo lwensimbi ngokuyinhloko luhlanganisa insimbi eqinisayo nethambisayo, insimbi eqinisa indawo engaphezulu kanye nensimbi ebandayo eyenza ipulasitiki.

13. Insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa

Insimbi ye-alloy enamandla amakhulu kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Kubandakanya i-oxidation - insimbi engazweli (noma ebizwa ngokuthi ukushisa - insimbi engazweli) nokushisa - insimbi eqinile izigaba ezimbili.Insimbi imelana ne-oxidation ngokuvamile idinga ukuzinza okungcono kwamakhemikhali, kodwa ithwala imithwalo ephansi.Insimbi yamandla ashisayo idinga amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation okukhulu.

14, insimbi yesimo sezulu (insimbi engamelana nokugqwala komkhathi)

Engeza ithusi, i-phosphorus, i-chromium, i-nickel nezinye izakhi ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana nokugqwala komkhathi wensimbi.Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luhlukaniswe ngezinsimbi eziphezulu zezulu kanye nesakhiwo se-welding weathering steels.